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Martin Gunnar Knutsen (29 September 1918 – 23 February 2001) was a Norwegian politician, chairman to the Communist Party of Norway (NKP) 1975–1982. Knutsen was born in Skien. He was active in the resistance during the German occupation of Norway. While being a teaching student he published the clandestine bulletin ''Fritt fram'' (Norwegian for "Freely forward"). Knutsen, along with a group of colleagues, was arrested in 1944 and ''Fritt fram'' ceased publication.〔Luihn, Hans. ''(Den frie hemmelige pressen i Norge under okkupasjonen 1940–45: en fortellende bibliografi )''. Oslo: National Library of Norway, 1999. p. 64〕 During the 1950s he stayed in Moscow, and worked as a newsreader for the Norwegian-language broadcasts of Radio Moscow. On 5 March 1953 he was the first to read out the news of the death of Joseph Stalin to a Norwegian audience.〔NRK. ''(Tyrannens død )''〕 Knutsen headed the orthodox group inside NKP, which resisted the moves by the party chairman Reidar T. Larsen to merge the party into the Socialist Electoral League (SV). Knutsen replaced Larsen as party chairman in 1975, and pulled the party out of SV. After the rupture with SV the marginalization of NKP continued.〔Gilberg, Trond. ''(Coalition Strategies of Marxist Parties )''. Durham (): Duke University Press, 1989. p. 93〕〔Banks, Arthur S., and William Overstreet. ''(Political Handbook of the World, 1981: Governments, Regional Issues and Intergovernmental Organization As of 1 January 1981 )''. New York: McGraw-Hill for the Centre for Social Analysis of the State University of New York at Binghamton and the Council on Foreign Relations, 1981. p. 371〕〔''(Communisme, Eds. 9–12 )''. Presses universitaires de France, 1986. p. 144〕 Knutsen had been a deputy member of the Parliament of Norway during the term 1973–1977, and met during 2 days of parliamentary session. He headed the NKP candidate slate in Akershus in the 1977 legislative election, but was not elected, as the party obtained a meagre 0.4% of the votes nationwide.〔Einhorn, Eric S., and John Logue. ''(Modern Welfare States: Scandinavian Politics and Policy in the Global Age )''. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2003. p. 358〕 Knutsen was also a member of the executive committee of Skedsmo municipal council from 1971 to 1975.〔 Knutsen was a recipient of the Soviet Order of Friendship of Peoples.〔Steenstrup, Bjørn. ''Hvem er hvem? 1979'', Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget, 1979, p. 351.〕 He stepped down from the NKP chairmanship in 1982.〔''(Notes et études documentaires, Eds. 4721–4730 )''. La Documentation française, 1983. p. 253〕 Knutsen left NKP in September 1990, after five decades of membership in the party.〔 Staar, Richard Felix, Milorad M. Drachkovitch, and Lewis H. Gann. ''(Yearbook on International Communist Affairs )''. Stanford, Calif: Hoover Institution Press, 1991. p. 619〕 He met his wife Nina in 1977, a translator and teacher hailing from Zlatoust.〔NRK. ''(Atomoffer – uten å vite )''〕 He died in 2001.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin Gunnar Knutsen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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